Bonds & Yields

Implied Forward Interest Rate

Infer a future annual effective rate from two annual-effective spot rates.

Your numbers

Sample inputs are illustrative. Changing currency changes labels only.

Your result

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How to use this calculator

  1. Enter short spot rate (%), long spot rate (%), short maturity (years), long maturity (years).
  2. Choose a display currency, then select Calculate. Results also update after a brief pause while you edit.
  3. Read the result with the assumptions below. Export details or save a second scenario to compare your choices.

Formula and method

(1+f)^(T₂−T₁) = (1+s₂)^T₂ / (1+s₁)^T₁.

Assumptions and limitations

Same credit risk and valuation date; annual effective inputs; no transaction costs.

Worked example

With short spot rate (%) = 5, long spot rate (%) = 6, short maturity (years) = 1, long maturity (years) = 2, implied annual effective forward rate is approximately 7.0095238%.

What the result means

This is a no-arbitrage implied rate under the selected compounding convention, not a predicted future rate.

Common questions

How should I interpret implied annual effective forward rate?

This is a no-arbitrage implied rate under the selected compounding convention, not a predicted future rate.

What should I check before using this result?

Same credit risk and valuation date; annual effective inputs; no transaction costs.

Methodology and transparency

Calculation specification reviewed on 2026-10-14. Mathematical implementation is tested against independent reference fixtures. This does not imply review by a licensed financial professional. Read the testing and precision policy.