How to use this calculator
- Enter initial outflow then nonnegative receipts, matching dates (yyyy-mm-dd, comma-separated).
- Choose a display currency, then select Calculate. Results also update after a brief pause while you edit.
- Read the result with the assumptions below. Export details or save a second scenario to compare your choices.
Formula and method
Assumptions and limitations
Requires an initial negative flow followed only by nonnegative flows, all later than the initial date, with at least one positive receipt. Nonconventional flows are rejected because multiple roots can occur.
Worked example
For the sample inputs shown above, xirr with dated cash flows produces a first result of approximately 10. The assumptions below explain what this result represents.
What the result means
Find a unique annualized return for a conventional, irregularly dated investment cash-flow stream.
Common questions
How is the calculation performed?
Find r greater than −1 such that XNPV(r)=0; actual days / 365; solve monotonically in log(1+r).
What does the model leave out?
Requires an initial negative flow followed only by nonnegative flows, all later than the initial date, with at least one positive receipt. Nonconventional flows are rejected because multiple roots can occur.
Methodology and transparency
Calculation specification reviewed on 2026-10-14. Mathematical implementation is tested against independent reference fixtures. This does not imply review by a licensed financial professional. Read the testing and precision policy.
Background reference: support.microsoft.com — financial method. FinanceMath implements its own calculator.