How to use this calculator
- Enter signed cash flows, matching dates (yyyy-mm-dd, comma-separated), annual effective discount rate (%).
- Choose a display currency, then select Calculate. Results also update after a brief pause while you edit.
- Read the result with the assumptions below. Export details or save a second scenario to compare your choices.
Formula and method
Assumptions and limitations
Dates must be valid ISO dates from 1900–2200, in ascending order. Same-day flows are allowed; no spreadsheet serial-date conventions.
Worked example
For the sample inputs shown above, xnpv with dated cash flows produces a first result of approximately 0. The assumptions below explain what this result represents.
What the result means
Discount irregularly dated cash flows using actual elapsed UTC days and a fixed 365-day year.
Common questions
How is the calculation performed?
XNPV = sum(CFᵢ/(1+r)^((dateᵢ−date₀)/365)).
What does the model leave out?
Dates must be valid ISO dates from 1900–2200, in ascending order. Same-day flows are allowed; no spreadsheet serial-date conventions.
Methodology and transparency
Calculation specification reviewed on 2026-10-14. Mathematical implementation is tested against independent reference fixtures. This does not imply review by a licensed financial professional. Read the testing and precision policy.
Background reference: support.microsoft.com — financial method. FinanceMath implements its own calculator.